Background and details
Before you are a mother, visit your dentist or gum specialist. Periodontal illnesses may increase the risk of complications during pregnancy.
Inflammation of the gums increases during pregnancy and usually disappears after delivery, referred to as pregnancy or gravidic gingivitis. The pregnant woman has an important impact on her periodontal health during pregnancy and especially with bleeding.
Although very common, current studies have shown that less than 1% of pregnant women have gravidic gingivitis if they do not have gingivitis at the start of pregnancy, but if gingival inflammation occurs prior to pregnancy, the frequency of occurrence increases significantly.
The changes in hormonal levels occurring during pregnancy affect the blood vessels of the gums, the functioning of the cells of the periodite (tissue that surrounds and supports the teeth) and plaque bacteria and local immune system. The gums are greatly redded, bleed easily, and have a clear increase in their size between their teeth, enabling more bacteria to be found under their gums.
If the pregnant woman has pre-pregnancy gingivitis or periodontitis, an additional risk of adverse pregnancy results, mainly premature birth or low-weight baby, will be increased. It is estimated that the risk of premature birth can be tripled if the mother has periodontitis (the risk ranges from 2.30 to 5.28, according to studies) .Also, some study relates periodontal disease to an increase in the time a woman takes to become pregnant.
The effect of periodontitis on diabetes monitoring is also known. The gingival health monitoring is vital for gestational diabetesto avoid potential complications both with the mother and with the fetus.
A proper oral hygiene technique is crucial, not only to reduce gingivitis to a minimum expression but to prevent potential adverse events in pregnancy. Visits to the dentist or periodicist before and during pregnancy allow them to prevent and to identify and treat the signs and symptoms of gravidic gingivitis.
Moreover, different studies have shown that periodontal care prior to pregnancy benefits the mother's gums and, if performed during pregnancy, fetus insurance.
Menopause.
In menopause, both oestrogen (reducing the anti-tinflammatory effect of these hormones on the gum) and progesterone (reducing bone density and leading to osteoporosis) are reduced. Significant changes are occurring in the tissues of the mouth with lower secretion and changes in the biochemical composition of saliva and disorders in the mouth flora.
The periodontal disorders of atrophic gingivitis (with abnormal palidity), posmenopapouple gingivoStomatitis (light and dry gums, easy bleeding and color ranging from pale to reddish) and oral malaise with a sensation of burning, dryness and bad taste ("hot mouth syndrome") can normally be seen in menopapouusal women.
In this situation, maintenance of low levels of bacterial plate is crucial. Visits to the dentist or to the Periodoncist should be undertaken regularly with a view to identifying any changes at the mouth level. If you are taking oral bisphosphonates, the specialist should be instructed to take appropriate preventive and therapeutic measures.
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