Background and details
During a woman's life and mainly for hormonal reasons, there are concrete periods at which gums are more susceptible to inflammation and thus an increased risk of oral disease. A proper preventive strategy guided by periodicist will minimize these risks.
At puberty, prior to menstruation, with the intake of hormonal oral contraceptives, during pregnancy and at menopause, periodontal illnesses have special prominence.
Even, there are pathologies that are characteristic of a particular situation in the woman, such as gestational or gravidic gingivitis, that affects most pregnant people and that are characterized by hypertrophy (increase in size) of interdental batteries and a remarkable increase in vascularization. That leads to bleeding (sometimes spontaneous, even during chewing), predispose to dental caries and to infectious problems. Although this type of gingivitis is very common, its presence is practically anecdotal in those women with good gums prior to pregnancy.
There are also tumor forms, such as poulis or gingival granulomas, that are associated with pregnancy and that can disappear spontaneously after pregnancy with proper monitoring of the bacterial plate, but often require them to be eliminated with surgery. A poulis is a small benign, violaceous red tumor, developed at the level of the alveolar elbow of the gums at the expense of the bone or soft parts.
Puberty
At puberty you can develop marked signs of gum inflammation without a clear increase in bacterial plate levels. It is referred to as "puberal gingivitis" and is associated with increases in sexual hormones, estrogen and progesterone, occurring about 12 years old. These hormonal changes result in an increased blood circulation of the gums, leading to an exaggerated inflammatory response to the action of the bacteria, with bleeding usually occurring.
It is a generally transitory and reversible situation after puberty at least partially. The elimination of the bacterial plate by means of appropriate hygiene and / or dental prophylaxis are the key factors to monitoring symptoms.
Menstruation
Occasionally some women have menstrual gingivitis with bleeding and inflammation of the gums with a bright red tone as well as ulcers in the rails. Menstrual gingivitis occurs just before menstruation and disappears once it's been started.
Oral contraceptives
Oral contraceptives are made up of synthetic oestrogen and progesterone hormones. These hormones are associated with an increased inflammation of the gums (similar to that occurring during pregnancy) that if sustained over time can lead to irreversible damage to the tissues around and hold onto the teeth. That's why it's best for women who take oral contraceptives to check their gums with their dentist and Periodoncist.
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